– Twitter message for me from @IEEEorg about this blog: ´´Thanks for your hard work!´´ @ Nature 567, 283 (2019) doi: 10.1038/d41586-019-00874-8 – EDITORIAL 20 MARCH 2019 – ´´It’s time to talk about ditching statistical significance Looking beyond a much used and abused measure would make science harder, but better. If researchers do discard statistical significance, what should they do instead? They can start by educating themselves about statistical misconceptions. Most important will be the courage to consider uncertainty from multiple angles in every study. Logic, background knowledge and experimental design should be considered alongside P values and similar metrics to reach a conclusion and decide on its certainty. Researchers should seek to analyse data in multiple ways to see whether different analyses converge on the same answer.´´ @ Fome é o fator que leva a célula tumoral a migrar pelo corpo, diz pesquisador – Hunger is the factor that causes the tumor cell to migrate through the body, says researcher #@ Genome Sequencing: Key to solving India’s rare diseases problem & CRISPR treatment inserted directly into the body for first time – Experiment tests a gene-editing therapy for a hereditary blindness disorder @ Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): News and Information – Massachusetts General Hospital & ´´Não houve diferença estatística significativa. E agora?´´ @ ´´WHAT DOES STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT MEAN?´´ by Jeff Sauro, PhD | October 21, 2014 @@ OTHER VERY IMPORTANT INFORMATION OF THE WORLD LIKE WEBSITES, LINKS AND IMAGES @& The graphics I did about ´´my´´ dissertation and ´´my´´ monograph that can be excellent references for many types of future research and projects, of course. Os gráficos que fiz sobre ´´minha´´ dissertação e ´´minha´´ monografia podem ser ótima referência para futuras pesquisas e projetos de vários tipos, com certeza. @ https://inano.au.dk/about/research-groups/gothelf-lab https://inano.au.dk/open-positions/open-phd-positions # www.google.com www.gmail.com www.yahoo.com www.youtube.com www.instagram.com www.twitter.com www.wordpress.com www.wikipedia.org www.nih.gov www.cdc.gov www.pfizer.com www.fda.gov www.genome.gov www.nyt.com www.wsj.com www.cnn.com www.bbc.com www.reuters.com www.bloomberg.com www.washingtonpost.com www.abc.com www.spacex.com www.tesla.com www.microsoft.com www.alibaba.com www.amazon.com www.stripe.com www.wellsfargo.com www.time.com www.whitehouse.gov www.usa.gov www.ucla.edu www.stanford.edu www.apple.com www.darpa.mil www.nobelprize.org www.harvard.edu www.mit.edu www.caltech.edu www.nasa.gov www.yale.edu www.duke.edu www.cornell.edu www.nyu.edu www.columbia.edu www.princeton.edu www.ft.com www.forbes.com www.nature.com www.nejm.com

10/07/2023 -> NO ONE informed me that what I did was illegal (Email list in 2015) when I sent an other e-mail to so much people of the Scientific Community Worldwide and to American and Brazilian Govern that I have sent the email list, informing that I didn’t ask permission to put each e-mail address on the e-mail list.

The graphics I did about ´´my´´ dissertation and ´´my´´ monograph that can be excellent references for many types of future research and projects, of course. Os gráficos que fiz sobre ´´minha´´ dissertação e ´´minha´´ monografia podem ser ótima referência para futuras pesquisas e projetos de vários tipos, com certeza.

Do the downloads!! Share!! The diffusion of very important information and knowledge is essential for the world progress always!! Thanks!!

  • – > Mestrado – Dissertation – Tabelas, Figuras e Gráficos – Tables, Figures and Graphics´´My´´ Dissertation @ #Innovation #energy #life #health #Countries #Time #Researches #Reference #Graphics #Ages #Age #Mice #People #Person #Mouse #Genetics #PersonalizedMedicine #Diagnosis #Prognosis #Treatment #Disease #UnknownDiseases #Future #VeryEfficientDrugs #VeryEfficientVaccines #VeryEfficientTherapeuticalSubstances #Tests #Laboratories #Investments #Details #HumanLongevity #DNA #Cell #Memory #Physiology #Nanomedicine #Nanotechnology #Biochemistry #NewMedicalDevices #GeneticEngineering #Internet #History #Science #World

Pathol Res Pract. 2012 Jul 15;208(7):377-81. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2012.04.006. Epub 2012 Jun 8.

The influence of physical activity in the progression of experimental lung cancer in mice

Renato Batista Paceli 1Rodrigo Nunes CalCarlos Henrique Ferreira dos SantosJosé Antonio CordeiroCassiano Merussi NeivaKazuo Kawano NagaminePatrícia Maluf Cury


Impact_Fator-wise_Top100Science_Journals

GRUPO_AF1GROUP AFA1 – Aerobic Physical Activity – Atividade Física Aeróbia – ´´My´´ Dissertation – Faculty of Medicine of Sao Jose do Rio Preto

GRUPO AFAN 1GROUP AFAN1 – Anaerobic Physical ActivityAtividade Física Anaeróbia – ´´My´´ Dissertation – Faculty of Medicine of Sao Jose do Rio Preto

GRUPO_AF2GROUP AFA2 – Aerobic Physical ActivityAtividade Física Aeróbia – ´´My´´ Dissertation – Faculty of Medicine of Sao Jose do Rio Preto

GRUPO AFAN 2GROUP AFAN 2 – Anaerobic Physical ActivityAtividade Física Anaeróbia´´My´´ Dissertation – Faculty of Medicine of Sao Jose do Rio Preto

Slides – mestrado´´My´´ Dissertation – Faculty of Medicine of Sao Jose do Rio Preto

CARCINÓGENO DMBA EM MODELOS EXPERIMENTAIS

DMBA CARCINOGEN IN EXPERIMENTAL MODELS

Avaliação da influência da atividade física aeróbia e anaeróbia na progressão do câncer de pulmão experimental – Summary – Resumo´´My´´ Dissertation Faculty of Medicine of Sao Jose do Rio Preto

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22683274/

Abstract

Lung cancer is one of the most incident neoplasms in the world, representing the main cause of mortality for cancer. Many epidemiologic studies have suggested that physical activity may reduce the risk of lung cancer, other works evaluate the effectiveness of the use of the physical activity in the suppression, remission and reduction of the recurrence of tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic and anaerobic physical activity in the development and the progression of lung cancer. Lung tumors were induced with a dose of 3mg of urethane/kg, in 67 male Balb – C type mice, divided in three groups: group 1_24 mice treated with urethane and without physical activity; group 2_25 mice with urethane and subjected to aerobic swimming free exercise; group 3_18 mice with urethane, subjected to anaerobic swimming exercise with gradual loading 5-20% of body weight. All the animals were sacrificed after 20 weeks, and lung lesions were analyzed. The median number of lesions (nodules and hyperplasia) was 3.0 for group 1, 2.0 for group 2 and 1.5-3 (p=0.052). When comparing only the presence or absence of lesion, there was a decrease in the number of lesions in group 3 as compared with group 1 (p=0.03) but not in relation to group 2. There were no metastases or other changes in other organs. The anaerobic physical activity, but not aerobic, diminishes the incidence of experimental lung tumors.

https://www.ieee.org/

https://www.ieee.org/about/index.html

Não houve diferença estatística significativa. E agora?

https://measuringu.com/statistically-significant/

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00874-8

http://www.gmail.com http://www.google.com http://www.yahoo.com http://www.wordpress.com http://www.harvard.edu http://www.facebook.com/scientificblog http://www.wikipedia.org http://www.princeton.edu http://www.facebook.com http://www.twitter.com http://www.youtube.com http://www.linkedin.com http://www.forbes.com

http://www.stanford.edu http://www.nobelprize.org http://www.nasa.gov http://www.mit.edu http://www.famerp.br http://www.unicamp.br http://www.ucla.edu http://www.caltech.edu http://www.michigan.edu http://www.cornell.edu http://www.yale.edu http://www.columbia.edu http://www.ox.ac.uk/ https://www.cam.ac.uk/ https://www.karolinska.se/ https://www.manchester.ac.uk/ http://cnpq.br/ https://www.jax.org/

https://www.massgeneral.org/news/article/coronavirus-news-and-information?fbclid=IwAR1UUFyUPhwx2SGGEgRU4oOyqzgUfi0-55WMV_nFdwFwl-2b_aUe8Fxe7EQ&utm_campaign=fy20-corporate-coronavirus-brand&utm_content=link-clicks&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook-paid&utm_term=boosted-post

http://agencia.fapesp.br/fome-e-o-fator-que-leva-a-celula-tumoral-a-migrar-pelo-corpo-diz-pesquisador/25921/#.XmN0Tw68lTp.linkedin

https://health.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/diagnostics/genome-sequencing-key-to-solving-indias-rare-diseases-problem/74460799?redirect=1&fbclid=IwAR3Iszvlr-otUH9wxSwY6nvv-7xMThi-lc3dsmZHY2Y-HlnN90826axq6kc

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00655-8?fbclid=IwAR3zOQtYzhQD2nNdLGOrdSKAqSmpE3JfYxP0VeV8bNy2OpucCW5igfkIIls

2wwww1wwww3wwwsiteIEEEp2ap2brain543graphics

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Fome é o fator que leva a célula tumoral a migrar pelo corpo, diz pesquisador | AGÊNCIA FAPESP

Fome é o fator que leva a célula tumoral a migrar pelo corpo, diz pesquisador Em palestra no 8º Workshop on Melanoma Models, o britânico Colin Goding falou sobre como a escassez de nutrientes pode fazer a célula tumoral parar de se proliferar e adquirir fenótipo invasivo (imagem: Sriram Subramaniam, National Cancer Institute (NCI), 2012/Wikimedia Commons)

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Fome é o fator que leva a célula tumoral a migrar pelo corpo, diz pesquisador

18 de agosto de 2017

Karina Toledo  |  Agência FAPESP – O pesquisador britânico Colin Goding está convencido de que o mesmo fator que motivou o primeiro ser vivo unicelular a se movimentar pela Terra – há mais de 3 bilhões de anos – também é a razão pela qual algumas células tumorais se separam do tumor primário para colonizar outras partes do corpo: a busca por comida.

Em seu laboratório, situado no Instituto Ludwig de Pesquisa do Câncer, vinculado à Universidade de Oxford, no Reino Unido, ele demonstrou em experimentos com culturas de melanoma humano que a falta de nutrientes desativa o maquinário de proliferação celular e faz com que as células tumorais adquiram um fenótipo invasivo.

“Nossa estimativa é que a mesma lógica funcione para a maioria dos tipos de câncer e, talvez, possamos encontrar meios de manipular esse mecanismo de sobrevivência celular para obter benefícios terapêuticos”, disse Goding em entrevista à Agência FAPESP.

De passagem por São Paulo, onde proferiu no dia 10 de agosto a palestra de abertura do 8º Workshop on Melanoma Models, Goding contou que seu grupo tem usado o melanoma como um modelo para entender a progressão do câncer como um todo.

“É um ótimo modelo porque conseguimos visualizar todos os estágios da doença. Podemos perceber quando as células produtoras de pigmento começam a invadir outros tecidos e formar metástases. Já em outros tipos de tumor, como pulmão ou pâncreas, quando o paciente apresenta sintomas e procura um médico a doença já se espalhou”, comentou.

Outro fator que tornou o melanoma um modelo interessante para o estudo do câncer, segundo Goding, foi a identificação, há mais de uma década, de um gene chamado BRAF, que se encontra alterado em metade dos casos da doença – emitindo estímulos para a proliferação descontrolada das células.

“Em poucos anos surgiram drogas capazes de inibir especificamente essa forma ativa do gene BRAF com efeitos dramáticos. Pacientes com múltiplas metástases respondiam muito bem. Porém, após alguns meses, as células se tornavam resistentes. Nossa pergunta então foi: por que essa resistência surge e o que podemos fazer a respeito?”

Transformação do fenótipo

De acordo com Goding, estudo recentes têm mostrado que a resistência do melanoma ao tratamento está relacionada com a existência, dentro de um mesmo tumor, de subpopulações de células com fenótipos diferentes. Ou seja, embora possuam o mesmo background genético, se comportam de forma distinta.

“Algumas podem estar mais diferenciadas e se comportar como o tecido de origem [células produtoras de melanina], outras podem estar se proliferando rapidamente e fazendo o tumor crescer, outras podem estar com o ciclo mais lento e fenótipo invasivo e outras se tornam dormentes e permitem que, mesmo após uma terapia bem-sucedida, a doença reapareça muitos anos depois”, explicou Goding.

Um dos objetivos do grupo britânico, portanto, tem sido compreender os fatores que levam ao surgimento desses diferentes fenótipos. Segundo Goding, aspectos do microambiente tumoral, como a disponibilidade de nutrientes, oxigênio e a interação com sinais emitidos pelo sistema imune, são fundamentais para a transformação.

A hipótese levantada pelo britânico é que, diante de uma situação de escassez de nutrientes, ativa-se em parte das células tumorais um mecanismo de sobrevivência que as faz migrar para procurar comida em outro local.

“Além disso, acreditamos que determinados sinais emitidos por células do sistema imune – como as citocinas TNF-α [Fator de necrose tumoral alfa] e TGF-β [Fator de transformação do crescimento beta] – podem induzir um estado de pseudodesnutrição. Nesse caso, mesmo havendo abundância de nutrientes, esses sinais imunes associados à inflamação acionam o mesmo mecanismo induzido pela fome e fazem a célula migrar”, explicou o cientista.

Experimentos feitos por Goding com leveduras e também com células de melanoma confirmaram que existe um mecanismo de sobrevivência celular conservado ao longo da evolução. Quando passa fome, a célula reduz sua demanda por nutrientes para se adequar à oferta. Isso significa desativar os processos biológicos necessários para a síntese de proteínas e para a formação de novas células.

Porém, quando a célula tumoral consegue migrar para um novo ambiente, onde há abundância de nutrientes e ausência dos sinais imunes que induzem a pseudodesnutrição, ela volta a se proliferar para formar uma nova colônia.

“Se conseguirmos enganar as células para fazer com que acreditem que os sinais de estresse já foram embora, o maquinário de fazer novas células volta a ficar ativo e elas vão morrer porque a demanda por nutrientes vai exceder a oferta”, avaliou.

A manipulação do estado fenotípico da célula tumoral, segundo Goding, poderia, em teoria, evitar tanto a formação de metástase como a ocorrência de futuras recaídas da doença.

“O processo de formação de metástase é muito ineficiente. Deve haver centenas de milhares de células tumorais circulando e algumas poucas conseguem estabelecer uma nova colônia com sucesso. Parte dessas células morre e parte se torna dormente para sobreviver ao estresse associado com a fuga do tumor primário. Se encontrarmos um mecanismo para eliminar a dormência, poderemos reduzir ainda mais o porcentual de células que consegue escapar do tumor primário, sobreviver e formar metástase. Isso é algo que buscamos em meu laboratório, em colaboração com grupos do mundo todo, inclusive o de Silvya Stuchi, no Brasil”, contou.

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A Agência FAPESP licencia notícias via Creative Commons (CC-BY-NC-ND) para que possam ser republicadas gratuitamente e de forma simples por outros veículos digitais ou impressos. A Agência FAPESP deve ser creditada como a fonte do conteúdo que está sendo republicado e o nome do repórter (quando houver) deve ser atribuído. O uso do botão HMTL abaixo permite o atendimento a essas normas, detalhadas na Política de Republicação Digital FAPESP.


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Genome Sequencing: Key to solving India’s rare diseases problem

The country recently having concluded a six-month pilot project of genome sequencing of Indians, the solution to the problem of rare diseases may just be around the corner.

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Genome Sequencing: Key to solving India's rare diseases problemBy Ashish Dubey

According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), a rare disease is something that affects 1 in 2,500 individuals. As much as 80% of these including genetic disorders, rare cancers, infectious tropical diseases and degenerative diseases are serious, chronic, debilitating and life threatening. They require long-term and specialized treatment and management. Over time, in the absence of intervention, they can lead to some form of severe handicap. Rare diseases also impact children disproportionately and are responsible for 35% of deaths before the age of 1 year. All this can have a huge impact on families both emotionally and financially given the high cost of treatment. Another aspect to consider is the lack of reliable genetic data in the country. However, a breakthrough achieved six months ago is going to significantly alter the landscape of rare diseases diagnosis in India. With the country recently having concluded a six-month pilot project of genome sequencing of Indians, the solution to the problem of rare diseases may just be around the corner.

A genome is defined as a person’s complete set of DNA, including genes with more than 3 billion DNA base pairs. Genome sequencing can make it possible to discover the functions of genes and identify mutations responsible for conditions like cancer. The process is set to help parents undergo carrier screening and identify diseases that can be inherited. The three million bases making up the DNA sequence of our genomes help in understanding evolution, similarities and differences between two individuals.

Data generated through genome sequencing can help assess a person’s genetic tendencies to health conditions, diagnose inheritable cancers, and enable the development of tests to prevent adverse drug reactions. Some examples include prenatal genetic testing for expectant couples for detecting genetic disorders, predictive genetic testing that can diagnose inheritable cancers, etc. In short, the possibility to medically treat patients as per their unique genetic profiles becomes immense.

Genome sequencing can become a prognostic and diagnostic tool by helping understand specific things about the Indian gene pool. This can further bring down treatment costs significantly for many. It will also enhance the likelihood of offering precision medicine rather than giving medication based on other parameters. For instance, in previous genomic studies that were conducted in India, there were genes uncovered that were exclusive to the Indian population and presented the unique risk in developing diabetes. When such risks are known, they can help the healthcare system and government policy makers to make more informed decisions around disease prevention and treatment.

In conclusion
Genome sequencing can help determine the role of individual genes and how they cause diseases. There are diagnostic tests available today that make use of the latest technology and reporting to give reliable data. The use of precision medicine and the data-pool gathered through such an approach will go a long way in solving the issue of rare diseases in our country.

It is important to note that genomic data is sensitive and therefore, efforts are also needed in the direction of minimizing the likelihood of data breaches. This will help maintain public trust in institutions which gather and store human genome data for analytical purposes. India is currently on the brink of a major breakthrough – one that comes as a ray of hope for families at the risk of rare and undiagnosed medical conditions. This is because with definitive diagnosis, not only will our understanding of diseases grow but this will further fuel the hope for a better future.

(The author is the COO & CO-Founder, Redcliffe Life Sciences.)

DISCLAIMER: The views expressed are solely of the author and ETHealthworld.com does not necessarily subscribe to it. ETHealthworld.com shall not be responsible for any damage caused to any person/organisation directly or indirectly.

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